Is the company privately or publicly-held ?
Privately-held: Most companies in the U.S. are private. Shares in a private company are held by a small group of owners and are not traded on the public market. Private companies are not legally required to disclose financial information with the SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission)
Publicly-held: A publicly held company is owned by the general public including company officers, employees and investors. Its stock is listed on the public market, and stock exchange and must file financial statements and reports with the SEC.
Finding company information can be a bit complicated. However, the Web has made the search a bit easier.
Tip: It is easier to find information on larger publicly-held companies than it is to find information on smaller privately-held local companies. Don't be discouraged. The company's website should provide an "About Us" tab with information on history, leadership, corporate responsibility, etc.