Whenever you start a project you should have a plan. Even if you are being spontaneous, you will probably come up with a plan.
Looks like they have a plan!
Research requires a plan also. You probably don't even realize that you are working with a plan......What information do you need? Where are you going to look for it? Can't find what you need? You try different words or maybe a different place.
If you are not familiar with a research process or are curious about what one might include, check out the Big6. It is a six step plan to help guide you through the research process. It's not a requirement. Just a helpful hint.